Tips for using loaders in various operating situations

Loaders are self-propelled loading and unloading machines for earthwork widely used in construction projects such as roads, railways, buildings, hydropower, ports, and mines. They are mainly used for shoveling loose materials such as soil, sand, lime, and coal, and can also be used for light shoveling operations on ore, hard soil, etc.

Shoveling operations

When loading soil or gravel, in order to prevent cutting of the tires caused by tire slippage, the following points should be noted:

1) Keep the work site flat and clear the fallen rocks.

2) When loading loose materials, work in 1st or 2nd gear; when loading materials with a larger specific gravity, work in 1st gear.

3) Drive and lower the bucket, stop the bucket 30cm above the ground, and then slowly drop it; if the bucket hits the ground, the front wheel will leave the ground, causing the tire to slide, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the tire.

4) Shift gears before approaching the material, step on the accelerator pedal after shifting gears, and insert the bucket into the material. 5) If the shovel is loose material, lay the bucket flat; if the shovel is gravel, slightly tilt the bucket; there should be no gravel under the bucket to avoid the front wheel leaving the ground and slipping; try to keep the load in the center of the bucket. If the load is on one side of the bucket, it will lose balance.

6) While inserting the bucket into the material, lift the boom to prevent the bucket from inserting too deep; when the boom is lifted, the front wheel will generate sufficient traction.

7) Check whether enough material has been shoveled, operate the control lever, and close the bucket to fill the bucket.

8) If too much material is loaded, quickly close and flip the bucket to shake off the excess load, so as to avoid spilling when transporting materials.

9) When shoveling and loading on flat ground, keep the bucket blade slightly downward and drive the loader forward; be careful to avoid the load leaning to one side of the bucket to cause imbalance. This operation should be performed in the first gear. Point the bucket blade slightly downward; drive the loader forward and push the arm joystick forward. When digging the soil, cut a thin layer each time; gently operate the boom control lever up and down to reduce the resistance of the loader to move forward; when using the bucket for shoveling control, avoid applying the digging force to one side of the bucket.

Leveling operation

When working on the ground, the electric loader drives in reverse gear. If it is necessary to work on the ground in the forward gear, the bucket retraction angle should be greater than 20°.

1) Shovel the soil into the bucket and drive the loader in reverse gear so that the soil falls evenly from the bucket. 2) The bucket teeth are close to the ground and the soil is spread evenly using the rear traction force.

3) The bucket shovels the soil again, the boom floats, the bucket is placed on the ground, and the Skid Steer loader is moved back to level the ground.

Loading and transportation operation

1) During transportation operation, drop the bucket to lower the transportation center of gravity.

2) The loading and transportation method of the wheel loader includes the following cycle: shoveling-transporting-loading (pour into a dump truck, furnace mouth, etc.).

3) Maintain the transportation route well.

4) The efficiency is higher when transporting materials within a distance of 100m, and the vehicle speed should be determined according to the road conditions; during transportation, it is prohibited to lift the boom with load, especially when the site is uneven.